Blaze Labs Research Menu
Location: Food for Thought > Analysing De Aquino's System H
Home
Food for Thought
Introduction
The Particle
Unified Theory Foundations
The EMRP gravity theory
Does a non-linear electric field gradient generate gravity? Generating X-rays Analysing De Aquino"s System H
EHD Thrusters
Introduction
EHD thruster collection
Thrusters performance
Lifters in vacuum
Full mathematical analysis (PDF) Ionocraft patent (HTML) Lifter D.O.E. Autonomous thruster project Autonomous thruster calculator Electromagnetic Kinetic Analyser Lifter simulator for Windows The lifter solver (Java)
New Energy Research
Free Energy & Perpetual motion Project Ixion Aquafuel™ generator Transmutation of carbon New fuel from water & carbon
Experiments
Introduction 01: Inertia device 02: Teflon coated EHD thruster 03: Lightweight hv supply 04: Remote controlled lifter 05: Radiation tests on lifters 06: Ionocrafts vs Lifters 07: Heated cathode lifter 08: Zinc vs Aluminium collector 09: Measuring pulsed dc sources 10: EM Magnus effect 11: Gravity Shielding 12: Thruster gas tests 13: High power hv power supply 14: 100g payload lifter design 15: Cockcroft Walton multiplier 16: 300kV helical resonator 17: 50kV lab power supply 18: Ion Triodes 19: Blazelabs Resonant Multipliers 20: Project RX-7 Instrumentation
Links Contact us




Analysing De Aquino's System H

© Engineer Xavier Borg - Blaze Labs Research (03/06/02) Experimental setup for System H

A balance is set up as shown above. The sphere is made out of 99.95% pure iron (Fe), and weighs 60.5 kg. As Fran De Aquino describes, a transmitter, at an ELF frequency of 9.9 mHz, is connected to an iron dipole within the sphere. Due to the modified capacitance and inductance of the dipole surrounded by the iron, both its effective length and impedance have to be reworked to resonate at 9.9 mHz. The total impedance was worked out to be 8.29 micro Ohms. The radius of the sphere was calculated in order to absorb all radiation from the dipole. The theory is that when ELF radiation strikes the iron atoms, their gravitational mass will change, and at a current of 8.51 Amps, it will be totally nullified. Further increase in current will result in negative gravitational mass, hence the sphere will repel from earth's gravity and float up. According to De Aquino's experimental results, the mass of the sphere will be at -40 kg at a current of 10 Amps, or 0.829 mWatts.

Does it operate at ELF or UHF?

First of all we must have a look at the radio band classification:

Band Nomenclature Frequency Wavelength
ELF Extremely Low Frequency 3 - 30 Hz 100,000 - 10,000 km
SLF Super Low Frequency 30 - 300 Hz 10,000 - 1,000 km
ULF Ultra Low Frequency 300 - 3000 Hz 1,000 - 100 km
VLF Very Low Frequency 3 - 30 kHz 100 - 10 km
LF Low Frequency 30 - 300 kHz 10 - 1 km
MF Medium Frequency 300 - 3000 kHz 1 km - 100 m
HF High Frequency 3 - 30 Mhz 100 - 10 m
VHF Very High Frequency 30 - 300 MHz 10 - 1 m
UHF Ultra High Frequency 300 - 3000 MHz 1m - 10 cm
SHF Super High Frequency 3 - 30 GHz 10 - 1 cm
EHF Extremely High Frequency 30 - 300 GHz 1cm - 1 mm


O.K., so Aquino's system is using 9.9 milliHertz = 9.9E-3 Hz, which goes even lower than the standard ELF, but since this frequency band is not defined as a radio band, it can still be called ELF.

Now, let me explain why 9.9 mHz is FAR FROM d.c., especially in Fran De Aquino's setup. What might look as ELF is actually UHF. To understand this I suggest you read my ideas at: The real Biefeld Brown effect - ST warping, especially from the heading 'Spacetime warping' onwards.

In his paper, Fran De Aquino says that the high refractive index of iron is slowing down the speed of light to less than 0.1 m/s. My version is that the refractive index creates a space-time frame in which effective lengths get shorter when viewed from our reference space-time frame, due to time dilation. The actual speed of light does not change within the dielectric, but time dilation occurs. This is supported 100% by Einstein's theory of relativity. Saying that speed of light changes goes against Einstein's theory.

Anyway, at the end of the day, whether you state that speed of light slows down, or time and effective lengths got shorter, all De Aquino's equations remain unchanged.

So, what is the REAL frequency acting on the iron atoms:

From De Aquino's equation 12:

Velocity of wave within the sphere is 1.386E-3 m/s
Refractive index = c/v = 2.16E11
Time dilation / length change = 1/n = 4.62E-12

So the time rate has slowed down by 4.62E-12 of 'our time rate'. Also, the lengths within the new frame got shorter by 4.62E-12

Wavelength for 9.9 mHz in freespace is 3.03E10 m
REAL wavelength = 3.03E10 x 4.62E-12 = 0.14 m

If you 'view' this wavelength WITHIN the dielectric time frame, you will see a frequency of:

f= c/wavelength = 2.14E9 = 2.14 Giga Hertz!! - UHF band

And this is the actual frequency acting at the atomic level.

NOTE: the REAL frequency and wavelengths in action are not the same as those seen by an observer outside the space-time frame. So, what might look as almost d.c., will actually be much different as it enters De Aquino's setup.

Where is the time boundary?

I know it is hard to beleive, but the actual voltage and current oscillations WITHIN the dipole itself are NOT 9.9 mHz but 2.14 Ghz. In my calculations you see that I derived the full wavelength of 0.14 m, which correlates exactly to De Aquino's half wavelength dipole of 0.07 m (70 mm). The dipole is resonant at 2.14 Ghz and not at 9.9 mHz, trust me. So, the big question is - at what point does this frequency change occur. The last point you can detect the 9.9 mHz signal is at the dipole feed point, and the first point you can detect the 2.14 Ghz is along the dipole elements, quite tricky but real. The dipole is thus connecting two separate, but real, time domains.

Try to compare the situation with the classic story of an astronaut going for a journey in space at relativity speeds:

There are 2 twin brothers living on earth, both 30 years old, one called OURVIEW who stays on earth, and the other called DIELECTRIC, who decides to go for a short journey in space. Now assume a dielectric refractive index of 50. After a journey of 1 year, as shown on his onboard computer, DIELECTRIC lands back on earth at an age of 31, to find out that his twin brother is now 80 years old. So, which brother has the REAL age? DIEELECTRIC thinks that his brother should be younger, and OURVIEW thinks that his brother should be older!

Imagine that, in some way, the two brothers could see each other in realtime during the journey. OURVIEW would see DIELECTRIC as if in slow motion at the rate of 1/50, whilst DIELECTRIC would see OURVIEW as if in fast forward at the rate of x50.

Now assume Dielectric could even zoom on the watch of his brother during the travel. He would see his brother's clock going 50 times faster than his, and that would be real, since his brother is really aging at that rate.

So, back to De Aquino's setup, the 9.9 mHz clock is in OURVIEW. When it reaches the feed point at the dipole, due to very high refractive index 'n' of iron, the dielectric sees this clock going 'n' times faster at 2.14 Ghz, but not from our point of view. As far as all atoms in iron are concerned, the frequency of the radiation from the dipole is 2.14 Ghz, and is real as much as the 9.9 mHz is real from our point of view.

System H & the Inverse Square Law

Inverse square law

Electromagnetic energy decreases as if it were dispersed over the area of an expanding sphere, expressed as 4pR2, where radius R is the distance the energy has travelled. The amount of energy received at a point on that sphere diminishes as 1/R2. This relationship is known as the inverse-square law of electromagnetic propagation. It accounts for loss of signal strength over space, called space loss.

In System H, De Aquino states that the radius of the sphere was chosen so that all radiated power from the antenna would be dissipated in the iron ball atoms. Now, according to the inverse square law theory, the radiation intensity from the core of the ball to its external surface will vary from maximum at the core (nearest to antenna) diminishing as 1/R2, where R is the radius of the iron ball. In other words, if we consider the sphere as hollow iron balls on each other, forming the solid ball, then the ones with bigger radiuses and bigger mass, will be radiated by the lowest power. Since the mass reduction effect is proportional to the radiated power absorbed by the atom, then the heavier spherical shells will never obtain enough radiation power for an effective cancellation of their mass, since De Aquino stated that no radiation comes out from the last shell. Since the bigger radius spherical 'shells' contribute most of the mass of the whole sphere, it is easy to see why such radiation can never reach enough atoms to cancel at least the mass of the sphere itself.

Why shouldn't it work?

Surely, most of us are planning to mould their 60 kg iron ball to make it shoot off with less than 1 mW of power, but there seems to be a few bugs in System H theory, mainly regarding the two separate timeframes:

  1. that of radiation within the sphere, and
  2. its effect on gravitational mass, and incompatibility with the inverse square law of EM radiation.
As explained above, both effective time and space get shorter within a high refractive index material, and this is confirmed by De Aquino's dipole being resonant at 2.14 Ghz. This means that speed (distance/time) remains the same, because both distance and time shrinked by the same factor, BUT acceleration (speed/time) is changed. As a matter of fact, all parameters (except distance), involving rates of change of time within the dielectric, will be modified by the refractive index factor, including the current flow within the dipole.

The gravitational attraction on the mass is measured within our timeframe (eqn. 24 in De Aquino's paper), whilst effective radiated power is being measured in the dielectric's timeframe (eqn. 21 in the same paper). De Aquino worked out his equation on the standard theory that speed of light slows down in matter, and so the refractive index factor was applied ONLY to the radiation. If you consider that the speed of light DOES NOT slow down, but both distance and time shrink, then the 'refractive index' factor will have to be applied to many other parameters which define a rate of change with respect to time, not only to radiation.

So, where does this leave De Aquino's thrust equation (eqn. 21)? Current is the rate of charge flow per second. So, the chances are that the parameter I4 in this equation has to be scaled down to (I/n)4, where n= 2.16E11, resulting in a negligible loss of mass. This would mean that although most of the theory is right, the current required to balance out the 60.5 Kg is not 8.5 A but 1838160 Mega Amps (enough to evaporate the iron ball I guess!).

So will De Aquino's setup work? Well, if speed of light really slows down in a dielectric as stated in our physics textbooks, and all 60.5 kg are concentrated in the inner core of the ball, then it will. If speed of light does not slow down, but time and distance shrink, and the ball is cast of uniform density iron, then it won't work, and will put an interrogative on the experimental results shown.

home